Subject
Subject is about what or who is spoken in a sentence or
clause. The subject can be a person, animal, object, or an abstract concept.
Each complete subject is basically constructed by one or more
noun or pronoun with / without additional modifier (s) that can be either
article (the, an, an), adjective and prepositional phrase. The gerund and an
infinitive can also occupy the position of the subject.
Example:
·
His new car tax has already been paid by his
assistant.
·
Lia and I were eating our lunch on the kitchen
table.
·
The very big boarding school in this country was
built in 1980.
Simple
Subject and Simple Predicate
Simple subject singular form of a noun or pronoun, with the
exclusion of modifier (s) it. While simple predicate verb form ataucompound
singular verb.
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Example of sentences
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Simple
Subject
|
Simple
Predicate
|
|
|
His
new car tax has
already been paid by his assistant.
|
tax
|
has been paid
|
his
new car =
(pre) modifier
by his assistant = prepositional phrase |
|
The
very big boarding school in this country was built in 1980.
|
school
|
was built
|
the
very big boarding=
(pre) modifier;
in this country = (post) modifier; in 1980 = prepositional phrase |
|
Open
the door!
|
“you”
|
open
|
door = direct object
|
|
His
Uncle Cal will
not arrive on time.
|
Uncle Cal
|
will arrive
|
his = possessive;
not = adverb; on time= prepositional phrase |
|
There
was a
hounted house.
|
house
|
was
|
there = adverb;
haunted = participle; a = article |
|
Running may be
hard for overweight people.
|
running
|
may be
|
running = gerund;
hard = adjective; for overweight people = prepositional phrase |
|
To
travel is
a bad idea.
|
to travel
|
is
|
to
travel =
infinitive;
is = linking verb; a bad idea = subject complement |
Verb
Verb is a word which serves to indicate the action of the
subject, showing events or circumstances. Verbmerupakan one of the eight parts
of speech.
English verbs are not always a simple (one word), but may be a
result of a combination with particlemenjadi phrases phrasal verb (get in, make
up, read over).
Various
kinds and Example Verb
Several kinds and examples include the following verb.
·
Transitive and Intransitive: Transitive followed
direct object (example sentence: The boy kicked the ball), while the
intransitive not (example sentence: Cheryl Often sneezes while cleaning).
·
Regular and Irregular: In the form of regular,
past tense and participle obtained by adding the suffix-ed in the base form
while padairregular, way more varied.
·
Action and Stative: Action (eat, play) stating
that something occurred, whereas stative (love, need) said conditions are
likely to remain.
·
Finite and Non-Finite: Finite influenced tense and
subject-verb agreement, while the non-finite not.
·
Linking Verb: linking the subject of a sentence
with description (example sentence: She is young and beautiful).
·
Causative: The verb to indicate that the subject
is not directly responsible for the actions happened (example sentence: I've
had my house renovated last week).
Complement
· Usually a
noun (noun) or noun phrase (noun phrase)
·
Usually found after the verb in the active voice
·
Answered questions complement what (what) or
anyone (Whom)
Example:
Ø Sarijon
bought a cake yesterday
•
What did Sarijon buy yesterday? -> A cake.
Ø He saw
Tony at the movie
•
Whom did he see at the movie? -> Tony
Ø I explain
to my students pharmacology
•
What do I explain to my students? ->
Pharmacology
Note: Each sentence should not have a complement.
Modifier
· Modifier
describes the time (time), place (where), or manner (how) of an action or
actions
·
The most common form of the modifier is a
prepositional phrase (a group of words that begin with a preposition and ends
with a noun
Preposition = on, out, under, behind, etc ...
·
Modifier answer the questions when (when), where
(in which), or how (how)
Example:
Ø John
bought a book at a book fair
o
Where did John buy a book? -> At a book fair
Ø She is
driving very fast
o
How is she driving? -> Very fast
Ø I posted
my application yesterday
o
When do I post my application? -> Yesterday
So, as these elements Subject, Verb, Complement and Modifier
in Example sentence:
We studied grammar last
week.
S
V
C
M
Question:
1. George cooked dinner
2. Henry and Marcia have visited the president
3. We had lunch at this restaurant today
4. Pat must buy petrol yesterday
5. Trees grow
6. It was raining at seven o'clock this morning
7. He opened the book
8. Harry wash the dishes now
9. He opened the book
10. Paul, William and Mary was watching television a few
minutes ago.
Answer:
1. George / is cooking / dinner / night
(Subject) (verb phrase) (supplementary) (modifier time)
2. Henry and Marcia / visiting / president
(Subject) (verb phrase) (complementary)
3. We / dining / lunch / at this restaurant / day
(Subject) (verb phrase) (supplementary) (a modifier) (modifier
time)
4. Pat / must buy / petrol / yesterday
(Subject) (verb phrase) (supplementary) (modifier time)
5. Trees / grow
(Subject) (verb phrase)
6. / rain / at 07:00 this morning
(Subject) (verb phrase) (modifier time)
7. He / open / book
(Subject) (verb phrase) (complementary)
8. Harry / washing / dishes / now
(Subject) (verb phrase) (supplementary) (modifier time)
9. He / open / book
(Subject) (verb phrase) (complementary)
10. Paul, William and Marry /'m watching / TV / minutes ago
(Subject) (verb phrase) (supplementary) (modifier time)
Referensi :
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